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1 second-order interaction term
Техника: двойной эффект взаимодействияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > second-order interaction term
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2 second-order interaction term
English-Russian scientific dictionary > second-order interaction term
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3 second-order
мат. второго порядка second-order interaction term ≈ двойной эффект взаимодействия second-order phase transition ≈ физ. переход фазовый второго рода second-order stationary process ≈ стационарный в широком смысле процесс, стационарный процесс второго порядка - second-order activity - second-order alias - second-order arithmetic - second-order correction - second-order curve - second-order derivative - second-order design - second-order differential - second-order filter - second-order infinitesimal - second-order interaction - second-order ionization - second-order jackknife - second-order lag - second-order language - second-order predicate - second-order quantity - second-order smoothing - second-order term - second-order theoryБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > second-order
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4 term
1) термин2) мат. член; терм3) элемент; составляющая4) срок5) условие (напр. контракта)6) мат. одночлен•- n-th term of expansion - totally labeled term -
5 interaction
взаимодействие
– aligning interaction
– central-force interaction
– close-range interaction
– coherent interaction
– distributed interaction
– exchange interaction
– Fermi interaction
– interaction energy
– interaction factor
– interaction length
– interaction mode
– interaction space
– interaction term
– interaction time
– interaction type
– intermolecular interaction
– intramolecular interaction
– non-local interaction
– peripheral interaction
– quantized interaction
– reducing interaction
– reflection interaction
– selective interaction
– spin-lattice interaction
– spin-orbit interaction
– spin-spin interaction
– strong interaction
– structural interaction
– superexchange interaction
– tensor interaction
– weak interaction
– Wigner interaction
electron beam-plasma interaction — взаимодействие электронного пучка
second-order interaction term — двойной эффект взаимодействия
third-order interaction term — тройной эффект взаимодействия
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6 term
1) срок
2) заблаговременность
3) одночлен
4) терм
5) термин
6) терминовать
7) предел
8) выражать
9) называть
10) речь
11) слагаемое
12) условие
– absolute term
– add term by term
– add term by term
– additional term
– as term implies
– coin new term
– coin term
– control-action term
– correction term
– deliver on term
– first term
– for a term of
– general term
– higher-order term
– interaction term
– long term
– on term
– remainder term
– scattering-in term
– scattering-out term
– short term
– term by term
– term by term
– term expires
– term of a proportion
– term of equation
– term of lease
– term of proportion
– term of series
– the integrated term
second-order interaction term — двойной эффект взаимодействия
third-order interaction term — тройной эффект взаимодействия
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7 двойной эффект взаимодействия
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > двойной эффект взаимодействия
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8 эффект
effect, phenomenon* * *эффе́кт м.
effect; ( в регрессионном анализе и в уравнении регрессии) termанио́нный эффе́кт — anionic effectанте́нный эффе́кт — antenna effectарми́рующий эффе́кт — reinforcing effectа́рочный эффе́кт ( в порошковой металлургии) — bridgingэффе́кт асимме́трии — asymmetrical effectэффе́кт Ба́рнета ( магнитомеханическое явление) — Barnett effectберегово́й эффе́кт — shore effectбинаура́льный эффе́кт — binaural [stereophonic] effectэффе́кт бли́зости — proximity effectэффе́кт взаи́мной компенса́ции — cancellation [cancelling] effectэффе́кт взаимоде́йствия1. interaction term2. аргд. cross-coupling effectэффе́кт взаимоде́йствия, двойно́й — second-order interaction termэффе́кт взаимоде́йствия, тройно́й — third-order interaction termэффе́кт взры́ва — blast effectэффе́кт взры́ва, дробя́щий — the rending effect [action] of an explosionэффе́кт выгора́ния ды́рок элк. — hole burning effectгальвани́ческий эффе́кт — galvanic effectгальваномагни́тный эффе́кт — galvanomagnetic [magnetogalvanic] effectгиромагни́тный эффе́кт — gyromagnetic effectгироскопи́ческий эффе́кт — gyroscopic effectэффе́кт горя́чих электро́нов — hot-electron effectгравитацио́нный эффе́кт — gravitation effectграни́чный эффе́кт физ. — boundary effectдвуме́рный эффе́кт — two-dimensional effectэффе́кт Джо́уля—То́мсона — Joule-Thomson effect; ( часто в значении коэффицие́нт Д.—Т.) Joule-Thomson coefficientдинатро́нный эффе́кт элк. — dynatron effect, secondary electron emissionдолго́тный эффе́кт ( в космических лучах) — longitude effectэффе́кт До́плера физ. — Doppler effectэффе́кт До́рна ( седиментационный потенциал) — Dorn effectдробово́й эффе́кт элк. — shot effect, shot noise, Schottky effectэффе́кт затене́ния — shadow effectэффе́кт земно́й поду́шки ав. — ground effectизотопи́ческий эффе́кт — isotope effectизото́пный эффе́кт — isotope effectиндуктометри́ческий эффе́кт — inductometric effectиндукцио́нный эффе́кт — induction [inductive] effectионизацио́нный эффе́кт — ionization effectкала́ндровый эффе́кт пласт. — calender effectкана́льный эффе́кт радио — ductingквантовомехани́ческий эффе́кт — quantum-mechanical effectква́нтовый эффе́кт — quantum effectэффе́кт Компто́на ( в квантовой механике) — Compton effectэффе́кт Котто́н—Муто́на опт. — Cotton-Mouton effect, Cotton-Mouton birefringenceкраево́й эффе́кт — fringe [edge] effectмагнитоакусти́ческий эффе́кт — magnetoacoustic effectмагнитоио́нный эффе́кт — magnetoionic effectмагнитокалори́ческий эффе́кт — magnetocaloric effectмагнитострикцио́нный эффе́кт — magnetostriction [magnetostrictive] effectмагнитоэлектри́ческий эффе́кт — magnetoelectric effectмасшта́бный эффе́кт ( в теории подобия) — scale effectмахово́й эффе́кт мех. — flywheel effectэффе́кт Ме́йснера — Meissner effectмеханокалори́ческий эффе́кт — mechanocaloric effectмикрофо́нный эффе́кт — microphonism, microphonicsэффе́кт напра́вленного проявле́ния кфт. — directional effectэффе́кт насыще́ния астр. — effect of confusionобме́нный эффе́кт физ., хим. — exchange effectэффе́кт объё́много заря́да — space-charge effectэффе́кт Оже́ ( фотоионизация атома) — Auger effectэффе́кт ориента́ции пласт. — orientation effectостровно́й эффе́кт ( в электронной лампе) — shadow forming effectпарнико́вый эффе́кт ( в астрофизике) — greenhouse effectпинч-эффе́кт ( в физике плазмы) — pinch effect, magnet [cylindrical] pinch, rheostrictionпироэлектри́ческий эффе́кт — pyroelectric effectпове́рхностный эффе́кт1. мех. surface effect2. эл. skin effectпове́рхностный, флуктуацио́нный электри́ческий эффе́кт — flicker effectэффе́кт По́йнтинга—Робертсо́на астр. — Poynting-Robertson effectпоро́говый эффе́кт элк. — threshold effectэффе́кт последе́йствия элк. — after-effectэффе́кт преры́вистого освеще́ния кфт. — intermittency effectпристе́ночный эффе́кт гидр. — wall effectпсевдостереофони́ческий эффе́кт — pseudostereophonic effectпьезомагни́тный эффе́кт — piezomagnetic effectпьезоопти́ческий эффе́кт — piezooptic effectпьезоэлектри́ческий эффе́кт — piezoelectric effectрелятиви́стский эффе́кт — relativistic effectсветово́й эффе́кт — luminous effectскин-эффе́кт эл. — skin effectэффе́кты сме́жных мест кфт. — border effectsсолево́й эффе́кт — salt(ing) effectстереоскопи́ческий эффе́кт — stereoscopic [relief] effectпроизводи́ть [создава́ть] стереоскопи́ческий эффе́кт — produce the impression of an object seen in solid reliefстереофони́ческий эффе́кт — stereophonic [binaural] effectстробоскопи́ческий эффе́кт — stroboscopic effectтемперату́рный эффе́кт — temperature effectтензорезисти́вный эффе́кт — tensoresistive effect, tensoresistanceтеплово́й эффе́кт — thermal effectтерми́ческий эффе́кт — thermal effectтермомагни́тный эффе́кт — thermomagnetic effectтермомехани́ческий эффе́кт — thermomechanical effectтермоупру́гий эффе́кт — thermoelastic effectтермоэлектри́ческий эффе́кт — thermoelectric effectтунне́льный эффе́кт элк. — tunnel effectфли́ккер-эффе́кт элк. — flicker effectэффе́кт фокусиро́вки элк. — focusing effectфотомагни́тный эффе́кт — photomagnetic effectфотоэлектри́ческий эффе́кт — photoelectric effectфотоэлектри́ческий, ве́нтильный эффе́кт — photovoltaic effectфотоэлектри́ческий, вне́шний эффе́кт — outer photoelectric [photoemissive] effectфотоэлектри́ческий, вну́тренний эффе́кт — inner photoelectric [photoconductive] effectфотоэлектрохими́ческий эффе́кт — photoelectrochemical effectэффе́кт Хо́лла полупр. — Hall effectширо́тный эффе́кт ( в космических лучах) — latitude effectэффе́кт Шо́ттки элк. — Schottky effect, shot effect, shot noiseшрот-эффе́кт элк. — shot effect, shot noise, Schottky effectэффе́кт Шта́рка ( в квантовой электронике) — Stark [electric field] effectэффе́кт экрани́рования — screening effectэлектроопти́ческий эффе́кт — electrooptic effectэлектростати́ческий эффе́кт — electrostatic effectэлектрострикцио́нный эффе́кт — electrostrictive effect -
9 эффект
1) effect
2) <tech.> response
3) result
– анионный эффект
– армирующий эффект
– береговой эффект
– бинауральный эффект
– граничный эффект
– динатронный эффект
– дробовой эффект
– изотопический эффект
– интерференционный эффект
– каландровый эффект
– краевой эффект
– магнитоакустический эффект
– магнитоионный эффект
– магнитокалорический эффект
– магнитострикционный эффект
– масштабный эффект
– маховой эффект
– местный эффект
– механокалорический эффект
– микрофонный эффект
– обменный эффект
– островной эффект
– парниковый эффект
– пироэлектрический эффект
– поверхностный эффект
– пороговый эффект
– пьезомагнитный эффект
– пьезооптический эффект
– пьезоэлектрический эффект
– релятивистский эффект
– световодный эффект
– световой эффект
– солевой эффект
– стереоскопический эффект
– стереофонический эффект
– стробоскопический эффект
– тензорезистивный эффект
– тепловой эффект
– термомагнитный эффект
– термомеханический эффект
– термоупругий эффект
– термоэлектрический эффект
– тоннельный эффект
– фотогальванический эффект
– широтный эффект
– электрооптический эффект
– эффект активно-электрический
– эффект антипарниковый
– эффект близностный
– эффект близости
– эффект Бормана
– эффект взаимодействия
– эффект взрыва
– эффект Ганна
– эффект Гершо-Розенцвейга
– эффект горьковский
– эффект Джадда-Офельта
– эффект Доплера
– эффект Дорна
– эффект дробовый
– эффект затенения
– эффект Ионсона-Рабека
– эффект концевой
– эффект Кукельбергса
– эффект маскировки
– эффект маховика
– эффект микрофонный
– эффект Миллера
– эффект Молтера
– эффект насыщения
– эффект ориентации
– эффект Поккельса
– эффект последействия
– эффект разнесения
– эффект Ранка
– эффект саньяка
– эффект скручивания
– эффект Столетова
– эффект Суля
– эффект фокусировки
– эффект фоторефракции
– эффект Ханле
– эффект Холла
– эффект Шоттки
– эффект экранирования
вентильный фотоэлектрический эффект — photovoltaic effect
двойной эффект взаимодействия — second-order interaction term
побочный или паразитный эффект — ghost effect
тройной эффект взаимодействия — third-order interaction term
эффект взаимной компенсации — cancellation effect
эффект выгорания дырок — hole burning effect
эффект горячих электронов — hot-electron effect
эффект запоминания изображения — memory effect
эффект земной подушки — ground effect
эффект направленного проявления — directional effect
эффект объемного заряда — space-charge effect
эффект прерывистого освещения — intermittency effect
эффект фотовольтаический аномальный — <engin.> anomalous photovoltaic effect
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10 двойной
1) binary
2) compound
3) double
4) dual
5) duo
6) duplex
7) duplicate
8) olefinic
9) twin
10) two-base
11) twofold
– двойной блок
– двойной вектор
– двойной волноводный
– двойной гак
– двойной гиб
– двойной интеграл
– двойной калориметр
– двойной клин
– двойной логарифм
– двойной люк
– двойной маятник
– двойной модуль
– двойной основовязальный
– двойной пентод
– двойной род
– двойной слой
– двойной сплав
– двойной срез
– двойной строб
– двойной суперфосфат
– двойной тетрод
– двойной триод
– двойной тройник
– двойной челнок
– двойной шип
– двойной штрих
– ионизационный двойной
– сплав двойной
– ход двойной
агар-агар двойной ферментации — double-digest agar
болт с двойной нарезкой — double-screw bolt
двойной амплитудный вольтметр — peak-to-peak voltmeter
двойной волноводный тройник — hybrid tee
двойной измерительный мост — double bridge
двойной карданный шарнир — double Hooke's joint
двойной частотный годограф — dual locus diagram
двойной эффект взаимодействия — second-order interaction term
диод с двойной инжекцией — double-injection diode
изолятор с двойной юбкой — double-shed insulator
исправление двойной ошибки — double-error correction
коэффициент преобразования двойной — <tech.> reciprocal transfer ratio
лазер с двойной поляризацией — dual-polarization laser
ленточный двойной кабельный — double-tape
напильник с двойной насечкой — double-cut file
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11 двойной эффект взаимодействия
Engineering: second-order interaction termУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > двойной эффект взаимодействия
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12 Language
Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)[A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling itSolving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into anotherLANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own LanguageThe forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)[It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human InteractionLanguage cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language
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